Orwell

Shem's picture

I've been reading Orwell's short essays in the past few days, and I just need to say, even being as famous as he is, Orwell is still the most underrated and unheeded social critic of the 20th century. As well as one of it's greatest geniuses.

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D.A. Ridgely's picture

Re: Orwell

Agreed. And IMNSHO everyone should read both Down and Out in Paris and London and The Road to Wigan Pier. Sure, it's socialist propaganda, but it's friggin' great socialist propaganda.

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dhex's picture

Re: Orwell

agreed.

also:
http://www.k-1.com/Orwell/index.cgi/work/essays/language.html

Quote:
The word Fascism has now no meaning except in so far as it signifies "something not desirable." The words democracy, socialism, freedom, patriotic, realistic, justice have each of them several different meanings which cannot be reconciled with one another. In the case of a word like democracy, not only is there no agreed definition, but the attempt to make one is resisted from all sides. It is almost universally felt that when we call a country democratic we are praising it: consequently the defenders of every kind of regime claim that it is a democracy, and fear that they might have to stop using that word if it were tied down to any one meaning. Words of this kind are often used in a consciously dishonest way. That is, the person who uses them has his own private definition, but allows his hearer to think he means something quite different. Statements like Marshal Petain was a true patriot, The Soviet press is the freest in the world, The Catholic Church is opposed to persecution, are almost always made with intent to deceive. Other words used in variable meanings, in most cases more or less dishonestly, are: class, totalitarian, science, progressive, reactionary, bourgeois, equality.

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Stevo Darkly's picture

Re: Orwell

Once when I was trapped with a lot of free time on the campus of the University of Missouri-St. Louis, I would go to the U. library and read My Country, Left or Right: Collected Writings of George Orwell, Vol. IV (Wartime Writings).

These essays were written during WW2, of course, and this was probably Orwell at his most nationalist and right-leaning -- it is, in fact, in this book you'll find the origin of the expression "to be pacifist in this war is to be objectively pro-Nazi" that has been recycled and ill-used of late -- but there's no doubt that he was a great and insightful writer. He was also a socialist who was very aware of all the flaws of his fellow socialists, if not of socialism itself.

EDIT: It's also sobering to read this and realize that Great Britain was really and truly and seriously worried about an imminent invasion by Nazi Germany -- even to the extent of taking down street signs so the invading Germans would have a harder time figuring out where they were and coordinating their troop movements.

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JD's picture

Re: Orwell

Stevo Darkly wrote:

He was also a socialist who was very aware of all the flaws of his fellow socialists, if not of socialism itself.

Even though he had some strong socialist leanings, it always seemed to me that he criticized his fellow socialists at least as much as, if not more than, the notional enemy. His eyes were definitely open to the flaws of his own ideology, and that's a kind of intellectual honesty we rarely see anywhere.

Jennifer's picture

Re: Orwell

Remember, the sacred theory of "Ingsoc" in 1984 was Newspeak for "English socialism." For all his spot-on critiques of socialism, I can definitely see why an Englishman in the 1930s or early 1940s might find socialism superior to what passed for capitalism in class-ridden England. It's similar to the way I have no patience for Communist apologia in 2008, but understand why someone in 1920 might've thought it was a good idea. Or why so many people in Central and South America today distrust "capitalism," because the crony versions they got down there are utterly vile. Same way I'd oppose "property rights" if all I knew about them were the eminent-domain arguments explaining why your house needs to be confiscated and given to Gigantocorp, who will use it to generate far more tax revenues than you did.

Eric the .5b's picture

Re: Orwell

Jennifer wrote:
Remember, the sacred theory of "Ingsoc" in 1984 was Newspeak for "English socialism." For all his spot-on critiques of socialism, I can definitely see why an Englishman in the 1930s or early 1940s might find socialism superior to what passed for capitalism in class-ridden England. It's similar to the way I have no patience for Communist apologia in 2008, but understand why someone in 1920 might've thought it was a good idea. Or why so many people in Central and South America today distrust "capitalism," because the crony versions they got down there are utterly vile. Same way I'd oppose "property rights" if all I knew about them were the eminent-domain arguments explaining why your house needs to be confiscated and given to Gigantocorp, who will use it to generate far more tax revenues than you did.

Yeah, this is why I'm not even bothering with most economic discussions, anymore. When it comes to markets, twits of every persuasion have a remarkable ability to point to the effects of corruption, distortion, oligarchy, socialism, fascism, etc., call them the failure of the free market, and then pull their own preferred corruptions and distortions out of their sleeves and call them remedies.

And people go for it.

Further, I think more and more "free market" folks are prone to helping out with that process . I'd bluntly caricature some of the arguments I've seen as, "Well, you don't automatically assume that every unpleasant thing X is due to sociopathic capitalists Y, so I'll lecture you about how big corporations can manipulate the government. Also, your objections to unnecessary, unjustified intervention or regulation Z hold no water because corporations somewhere, someday have done bad things."

I think Orwell would have recognized that sort of thing, ideology or no ideology.

Re: Orwell

What you guys said.

About the good writingness and the kinda socialism and the yeah but I can kinda understand why.

This is me with nothing to contribute ...

Aresen's picture

Re: Orwell

Politics and the English Language is the greatest essay ever written on the subject of English usage.

I keep copies at my desk and give them to people who give me badly written reports.

I will tolerate one or two bad pieces, but some reports I get are almost unreadable. They are coming from native English speakers who supposedly graduated from university but who have difficulty writing complete simple sentences. Complex sentences are utterly beyond them; generally, they turn into run-on sentences. They flout the rules of subordination, subject-verb agreement, and placement of modifiers. The usage is laughable, with rampant malapropisms and hack phrases filling the page. Most sentences are in passive voice. I've met ten year olds who spell better.

I am so tired of ugly writing and having to take fifteen minutes to parse one hundred words to decipher its meaning.

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Shem's picture

Re: Orwell

Just remember, in historical terms, widespread literacy is brand-spanking new. It always takes time to work the kinks out of a prototype.

Or, abandon it as unworkable. Whichever.

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Aresen's picture

Re: Orwell

Shem wrote:
Just remember, in historical terms, widespread literacy is brand-spanking new. It always takes time to work the kinks out of a prototype.

Or, abandon it as unworkable. Whichever.

If I understand the Bar Mitzvah, correctly, Jewish kids are required to demonstrate the ability to read from the Torah as part of the rite of passage into manhood. It looks to me like a carefully thought out way of keeping morons out of the gene pool.

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If you weren't doing anything wrong, then you have no reason to be afraid while they kick the crap out of you. - D.A. Ridgely

Shem's picture

Re: Orwell

Aresen wrote:
If I understand the Bar Mitzvah, correctly, Jewish kids are required to demonstrate the ability to read from the Torah as part of the rite of passage into manhood.

And look how well that's worked out for the Jews as a people.

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D.A. Ridgely's picture

Re: Orwell

Shem wrote:
Aresen wrote:
If I understand the Bar Mitzvah, correctly, Jewish kids are required to demonstrate the ability to read from the Torah as part of the rite of passage into manhood.

And look how well that's worked out for the Jews as a people.


Considering how many other long since extinct tribal peoples are mentioned in the Old Testament, pretty damned good.

Actually, although I'm not Jewish, my understanding is that one need so much be able to read Hebrew as to read only selected, set passages from the Torah in Hebrew and that one can effectively memorize large parts of the ritual readings. (The rough equivalent here is Roman Catholic priests' previous need for Latin. Yes, they used to need to know some and especially the Eucharist, but that didn't translate, no pun intended, into a requirement to read Latin generally.) Also, remember that, modern attempts at sexual equality aside, the Bar Mitzvah and its concomitant emphasis on education in general has historically been a boys' club.

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Shem's picture

Re: Orwell

Just sayin, the Pogrom ratio isn't exactly favorable.

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D.A. Ridgely's picture

Re: Orwell

Shem wrote:
Just sayin, the Pogrom ratio isn't exactly favorable.

Oh agreed. Still, as a Jewish friend of mine says, basically all Jewish holidays can be explained by "They tried to kill us all, they failed, let's eat."

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Jennifer's picture

Re: Orwell

Eric the .5b wrote:

Yeah, this is why I'm not even bothering with most economic discussions, anymore. When it comes to markets, twits of every persuasion have a remarkable ability to point to the effects of corruption, distortion, oligarchy, socialism, fascism, etc., call them the failure of the free market, and then pull their own preferred corruptions and distortions out of their sleeves and call them remedies.

And people go for it.

But in all fairness: if you are, say, a Bolivian first introduced to capitalism after Bechtel privatized the public water supply, raised prices far beyond what you could afford and colluded with the government to make it illegal for you to collect and drink the clean water that rains down from the sky, arguments explaining why this isn't real capitalism will sound as hollow as the arguments explaining why what we saw in the Soviet Union wasn't real Communism, so why not give Communism another chance? Next time, I swear, we'll do it right.

Quote:
Further, I think more and more "free market" folks are prone to helping out with that process . I'd bluntly caricature some of the arguments I've seen as, "Well, you don't automatically assume that every unpleasant thing X is due to sociopathic capitalists Y, so I'll lecture you about how big corporations can manipulate the government. Also, your objections to unnecessary, unjustified intervention or regulation Z hold no water because corporations somewhere, someday have done bad things."

There is definitely a blindness on the part of some free marketeers; instead of saying "Yeah, X will still be a problem under a free-market system, but will likely be worse under any other," they'll deny that X will ever be a problem at all. Believing that a system is the best doesn't have to mean believing that a system is perfect.

Eric the .5b's picture

Re: Orwell

Jennifer wrote:
But in all fairness: if you are, say, a Bolivian...

That's kinda my point, Jennifer.

Jennifer wrote:
There is definitely a blindness on the part of some free marketeers; instead of saying "Yeah, X will still be a problem under a free-market system, but will likely be worse under any other," they'll deny that X will ever be a problem at all. Believing that a system is the best doesn't have to mean believing that a system is perfect.

And the funny thing is, people who've said nothing of the sort get painted with the same brush.

EDIT: Of course, it doesn't help that to some people, "won't be a problem" means "won't resemble anything like what we see now and will likely be far more resolvable for people experiencing it", while to others it means "won't happen in any way or otherwise inconvenience anyone".

Re: Orwell

Along the lines of of .5b's point,

I don't think free marketeers (huzzah?) in general do a very good job of countering the utopian standard implied in many criticisms of captialism. I mean, look at Obama's speeches and the current team blue rhetoric. The issue has been successfully framed as 'reduced regulations = rampant greed and chaos'. It is just bad management, and the whole thing needs to be managed, right?

To me, the important note here is that the regulators were a major part of the problem, and the incentives of regulators don't allow them to ever be above the fray. You can't just imagine you have the pope (or Solomon or whoever) as a regulator. You almost never hear that argument, though. Panic makes everyone run to mommy, and nobody wants to stand up for dynamism when things are tough.

thoreau's picture

Re: Orwell

I have basically given up on defending "the free market" in conversation. The phrase "free market" has a bad brand name with a lot of baggage for a lot of reasons. And this is a bad time to defend systems rooted in the private sector.

However, there's another issue: On a fundamental level, I don't know that I can defend something that I don't have a clear vision of. Mostly what I have is informed skepticism of regulation. I don't have a real firm idea of what a free market would look like. Maybe it would look exactly like the dreams of the anarcho-capitalists. Maybe it would be similar to the status quo but more prosperous. Maybe it would look like the all-local economy envisioned by Kevin Carson. I have my own hunch but I don't really know. So I basically argue on the margin: On the margin there is good reason to believe that a lot of regulations will be counter-productive and that a more market-based approach could yield greater prosperity and opportunity. So I argue for that.

Even with drug legalization, one of the few issues where I'm confident that going all the way (or damn near all the way) in a libertarian direction would work out pretty well, I still stick with skepticism in arguments. As long as I talk about the negative consequences of the drug war and how just about any approach would be better as long as it kept this situation out of the hands of the criminal underworld, people tend to agree with me. But as soon as I start talking about drugs being sold in stores or argue that it should be largely unregulated, discussion shuts down.

I'm not saying that I want to concede the argument for regulation of legalized drugs as a way to be "cool" in the eyes of statists, but I do think that arguing for improvement on the margins involves fewer leaps than arguing for drastic improvements. Likewise, arguing against a regulation on the margins plays better than a general "free market" vision or argument.

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Ali's picture

Re: Orwell

I'm trying to find Orwell's "Notes on Nationalism" on Amazon.com but can't find it. Is it a book, or part of a book? If the latter, what's the name of the book?

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Ayn_Randian's picture

Re: Orwell

Quote:
On a fundamental level, I don't know that I can defend something that I don't have a clear vision of.

Which is pretty much why, ultimately, despite the overwhelming utilitarian arguments in favor of free markets, you are almost going to have to resort to a justice-based, rights based response, because we do not know what freedom will look like, and that is ultimately the point. Neither your nor mine nor anyone else's "vision" is controlling. People will be able to follow their own visions, to the maximum extent possible without total chaos.

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Someday if Jennifer serves on a jury, I would like to see her rise up in the middle of the trial and yell, "No, you're out of water! And you're out of water! They're out of water! This whole trial is out of water!". - Stevo Darkly-

Shem's picture

Re: Orwell

Ali wrote:
I'm trying to find Orwell's "Notes on Nationalism" on Amazon.com but can't find it. Is it a book, or part of a book? If the latter, what's the name of the book?

It's an essay, and you can read it here. Very few of his works were longer than an essay, with 1984 being the only one that's exceptionally long. He was a journalist, and it shows in his prose.

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Ali's picture

Re: Orwell

Thanks, Shem.

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Eric the .5b's picture

Re: Orwell

thoreau wrote:
I'm not saying that I want to concede the argument for regulation of legalized drugs as a way to be "cool" in the eyes of statists, but I do think that arguing for improvement on the margins involves fewer leaps than arguing for drastic improvements. Likewise, arguing against a regulation on the margins plays better than a general "free market" vision or argument.

Personally, I'd take regulated, legal drugs over continued prohibition...but there's a catch to a skeptical, marginal approach. Every change involves a scenario in peoples' minds, and a significant change like any decriminalization of drugs would be opposed by those presenting clear visions of just how bad it would be. Assuming more than a tiny minority of people in this country ever go for legalizing drugs, it would only be if proponents presented them a clear vision of legal, but "safely" regulated drugs that's more plausible than the prohibitionists' visions of their kids all becoming junkies.